30 Billion Cubic Meter Reduction in Renewable Water Over Several Decades / 9 Provinces on the Verge of Severe Water Stress

Iran's renewable water resources have decreased over the past several decades from about 130 billion cubic meters to less than 100 billion cubic meters, a situation that, according to water and environmental researchers, places Iran within water stress levels according to the Falkenmark index. Developing indigenous technologies—from nanobubbles and nanofiltration membranes to smart network management systems and wastewater recycling—can play a significant role in mitigating the effects of this crisis.